Which component typically protects an electrical circuit from overcurrent?

The component that typically protects an electrical circuit from overcurrent is a fuse. A fuse is designed to interrupt the current flow when it exceeds a certain level, which prevents potential damage to the electrical components or wiring caused by excessive current. When the current surpasses the rated limit, the fuse's conductive material melts, breaking the circuit and stopping the flow of electricity. This protective feature is essential in preventing electrical fires or equipment failures.

In contrast, a switch is used to turn the circuit on or off but does not provide overcurrent protection. A transformer modifies voltage levels and does not cut off current flow during overcurrent conditions. A capacitor stores electrical energy and releases it when needed, but again, it does not offer protection against overcurrent situations. Therefore, the role of the fuse as a safety device is crucial in the overall electrical circuit management.